participants->Bob Wharton

Bob Wharton

Professor

Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University
Phone: 979-845-9719
Fax: 979-845-7977
E-mail: rawbaw2@tamu.edu

You can find a full CV for Bob Wharton here.

Education

University of California, Berkeley. Department of Entomological Sciences. 1972-76. Ph.D. 1976, specializing in biological control and systematics.
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Curriculum in Marine Sciences. 1971-1972.
University of Connecticut. Biological Sciences Group. 1969-1971. M.S. 1971, specializing in marine biology.
California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo. Department of Biological Sciences. 1965-1969. B.S. 1969, with honors, specializing in marine biology.

Research Emphasis:

My research focuses on the systematics and biology of parasitic Hymenoptera, and their use in biological control. Much of my work has been with members of the family Braconidae, notably those braconids attacking leaf-mining agromyzids and fruit-infesting tephritids. As many of the braconids attacking these hosts belong to the Opiinae, this group was a logical choice with which to begin our monographic efforts as part of the PEET project. Some of the other groups that will be covered in the PEET program with fellow PI Jim Woolley also use cyclorrhaphous Diptera as hosts, and have been reared either from agromyzids or tephritids. Thus, there is an additional link between the work on opiines, diapriids, and eucoiline figitids.

In addition to the PEET project, areas of active research include phylogenetic analysis, generic revisions, host specificity and host relationships, gland function and morphology, and biological control (especially of tephritids). Collaborative research includes work in Kenya (ICIPE) and Guatemala (USDA and Univ. Hawaii) on parasitoids of potential use in the biological control of Medfly and other fruit-infesting Tephritidae. My students and I will be looking at patterns of host utilization as well as improved methods for identifying the parasitoids and their hosts.

I teach an undergraduate course in insect biology and systematics and a graduate course in entomophagous insects. I also taught a course in immature insects for many years, as well as other undergraduate courses in insect biology. I am one of the faculty advisors for the entomology graduate student organization.

Among my broader interests outside entomology are the biology and behavior of solifuge arachnids and dietary preferences of marine gastropod mollusks.

Synopsis of Research and Teaching Experience, September 1992 to present.
    1) Designed survey and inventory project for tephritids and associated parasitoids in Kenya, now in its fifth year.  This program has two basic components.  The first includes active collaborations with scientists in 5 other countries (Kenya, Guatemala, La Reunion, Mexico, and Sudan) on biological control of medfly and its relative the Natal fly, two of the world's most serious pests of fruits.  The primary U.S. collaborators in this program have been John Sivinski (USDA/ARS, Gainesville) and Russell Messing (University of Hawaii).  Medfly parasitoids have been shipped from Kenya to Hawaii, Guatemala, and St. Helena, and both medfly and Natal fly parasitoids to La Reunion.  The second component provides taxonomic support for the work on the flies and their natural enemies, and involves close interaction among systematists in England, Belgium, Kenya, Australia, and Israel; and includes training of one scientist from Ghana.  A major product of this effort was the development of a CABIKEY product (an electronic, multiple entry key available in CD format) for all known species of Ceratitis and Trirhithrum by Ian White.  Current efforts include development of molecular tools for identification of pests and potential pests in the genus Ceratitis.  Peripheral benefits from this program include sampling for olive fly and its natural enemies in response to establishment of this pest in California in 1999; discovery of natural enemies of cucurbit pests, some of which have now been shipped to the US and St. Helena; and development of a pictorial key to Kenyan fruit (by Bob Copeland, who conducted most of the field work).  2) Conduct systematics research on parasitic Hymenoptera, primarily Braconidae (Opiinae and Alysiinae); includes training of 5 graduate students in parasitoid systematics in collaborative NSF-sponsored PEET program with Jim Woolley and scientists from Sweden, Canada, and England;  student research completed to date: revision of Entomacis (Diapriidae), revision of Gronotoma group of genera (eucoiline Figitidae), revision of Nearctic Opius (subgenus Gastrosema); several databases developed. 3) Directed preparation of a manual to New World genera of Braconidae, containing 37 chapters authored by 8 collaborators from 5 countries.  The manual is widely used by both systematists and applied entomologists because of its heavily-illustrated, user-friendly format.  Conducted 3 workshops in Latin America in connection with above manual, and given the obvious need, one of the Mexican students trained under this program (Imelda Mercado, with assistance from Hugo Delfin) prepared a Spanish language version, with copies distributed gratis.  4) Designed and conducted survey of invertebrates associated with an endangered species of warbler in its nesting habitat; five faculty, two staff, and 18 students were involved with this program.  Participated in public meetings associated with the research, which was funded as part of a mitigation program associated with widening highway 2222 through Travis County, Texas.  5) Completed sterile fly release program in Baja California Sur, demonstrating the ability to overwhelm and eliminate a small, isolated population of Anastrepha ludens without use of pesticides.  Work in involved collaboration with Federal Agencies in two countries, and was designed primarily to assist organic growers in the region.  6) Participated in survey and inventory projects of parasitic Hymenoptera in Mexico. 
    Taught graduate courses in Entomophagous Insects (Ento 621); Immature Insects (Ento 604); Seminars in systematics and biological control (Ento 681); and Undergraduate Courses in Insect Biology (Ento 313), and Insect Systematics and Biology (Ento 301, Fall and Ento 302, Spring). Team-taught 3-week course in tropical field ecology on island of Dominica.  Innovative aspects included development of one of the first web sites in our department specifically associated with an undergraduate course; the first use of mass-collecting techniques at Texas A&M to demonstrate insect biodiversity; and development of the first underwater marine projects for the Dominica Study Abroad course.


PUBLICATIONS

Refereed Publications
Wharton, R. A.  2002.  Revision of the Australian Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).  Invertebrate Systematics 16: 7-105.

Kimani-Njogu, S. W. and R. A. Wharton.  2002.  Two new species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) attacking fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in western Kenya.  Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington  104: 79-90.

Kimani-Njogu, S. W., M. K. Trostle, R. A. Wharton, J. B. Woolley, and A. Raspi.  2001.      Biosystematics of the Psyttalia concolor species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae:     Opiinae): the identity of populations attacking Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in     coffee in Kenya.  Biological Control 20: 167-174.

Wharton, R. A. and C. van Achterberg.  2000.  Family group names in Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea).  J. Hym. Res. 9: 254-270.

Wharton, R. A. and V. López-Martinez.  2000.  A new species of Triaspis Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).  Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 102: 794-801.

Wharton, R. A.  2000.  Can braconid classification be restructured to facilitate protrayal of relationships?  In: Austin and Dowton, editors.  Hymenoptera Evolution, biodiversity, and biological control.  CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia, pp. 143-153.

Mercado, I. and R. A. Wharton.  2000.  Toxoneuron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Designation of a neotype for its type species, T. viator, and discovery of a possible senior synonym of its best known species, T. nigriceps.  Ann. Entomol. Soc. America 93: 208-219.

Wharton, R. A., M. K. Trostle, R. H. Messing, R. S. Copeland, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, S. Lux,     W. A. Overholt, S. Mohamed, and J. Sivinski.  2000.  Parasitoids of medfly, Ceratitis     capitata, and related tephritids in Kenyan coffee: a predominantly koinobiont aemblage.      Bull. Ent. Res. 90: 517-526.

Delfin G., H. and R. A. Wharton.  2000.  Historical review of the genera Aleiodes and Rogas in Mexico, with a redescription of Aleidoes cameronii (Hymenoptera:  Braconidae).  Pan-Pac. Ent. 76:  58-70.

Ovruski, S., M. Aluja, J. Sivinski, and R. A. Wharton.  2000.  Hymenopteran parasitoids on fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Latin America and the southern United States: Diversity, distribution, taxonomic status and their use in fruit fly biological control.  Integrated Pest Management Reviews 5: 81-107.

Cooperband, M. F., R. A. Wharton, G. W. Frankie and S. B. Vinson.  1999.  New host and distribution records for Leucospis (Hymentoptera:  Leucospidae) associated primarily with nests of Centris (Hymenoptera:  Anthophoridae) in the dry forests of Costa Rica.  J. Hym. Res. 8:  154-164.

Wharton, R. A.  1999.  A review of the Old World genus Fopius Wharton (Hymenoptera:  Braconidae:  Opiinae), with description of two new species reared from fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera).  J. Hym. Res. 8:  48-64.

Wharton, R. A., S. Quilici, B. Hurtrel and I. Mercado.  1999.  The status of two species of Psyttalia Walker (Hymenoptera:  Braconidae:  Opiinae) reared from fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) on the Indian Ocean Islands of Réunion and Mauritius.  African Ent. 7:  85-90.

Trostle, M., N. S. Carrejo, I. Mercado, and R. A. Wharton. 1999. Two New Species of Phaenocarpa Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from South America. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 101(1): 197-207. 

Wharton, R. A., S. M. Ovurski and F. E. Gilstrap. 1998. Neotropical Eucoilidae (Cynipoidea) Associated with Fruit-infesting Tephritidae, with New Records from Argentina, Bolivia and Costa Rica. J. Hym. Res. 7(1): 102-115.

Wharton, R. A.  1997. Introduction [pp. 1-18], Morphology and Terminology (with M. Sharkey) [pp. 19-38], Alysiinae [pp. 85-118], Gnamptodontinae [pp. 257-260], Homolobinae [pp. 279-284], Hormiinae (with J. Whitfield) [pp. 285-302], Macrocentrinae [311-316], and  Opiinae [pp. 379-396].  In: R. A. Wharton, P. M. Marsh, and M. J. Sharkey (eds).  Manual of the New World Genera of the Family Braconidae (Hymenoptera).  Special Publ. Internatl. Soc. Hymenopterists  1:1-432.

Wharton, R. A. 1997. Generic relationships of Opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute. 30(3): 1-53. 

Quicke, D. L. J., R. A. Wharton and H. Sittertz-Bhatkar. 1997. Antero-lateral Abdominal Scent Glands of Braconine Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). J. Hym. Res. 6(2): 219-230.

Quicke, D. L. J., R. A. Wharton and H. Sittertz-Bhatkar. 1996. Recto-tergal Fusion in the Braconinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Structure and Distribution. J. Hym. Res. 5: 73-79.

Ovruski, S. M. and R. A. Wharton. 1996. The identity of Doryctobracon tucumanus (Blanchard) (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Opiinae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 98: 162-163.

Leonel, F. L. Jr., R. A. Zucchi, and R. A. Wharton. 1995. Distribution and tephritid hosts (Diptera) of braconid parasitoids (Hymenoptera) in Brazil. Internat. J. Pest Mgmt 41:208-213.

Infante, F., P. Hanson and R. A. Wharton. 1995. Phytophagy in the Genus Monitoriella (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with description of new species.  Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 88(4):  406-415.

Hernández-Ortiz, V., R. Pérez-Alonso and R. A. Wharton. 1994. Native parasitoids associated with the genus Anastrepha (Dipt.: Tephritidae) in Las Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. Entomophaga 39: 171-178.

Wharton, R. A. 1994. New genera, species, and records of New World Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 96: 630-664.

Sharkey, M. J. and R. A. Wharton. 1994. A revision of the genera of the world Ichneutinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). J. Nat. Hist. 28: 873-912.

Austin, A. D., R. A. Wharton and P. C. Dangerfield.  1993.  Revision of the endemic Australian subfamily Trachypetinae Schulz s.l. (including Cercobarconinae Tobias) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).  Syst. Entomol. 18: 97-119.

Schuster, D. J. and R. A. Wharton 1993. Hymenopterous parasitoids of leaf-mining Liriomyza spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on tomato in Florida. Environ. Entomol.  22(5): 1188-1191.

Wharton, R. A. 1993. Review of the Hormiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with a description of new taxa. J. Nat. Hist. 27: 107-171.

Wharton, R. A. 1993. Bionomics of the Braconidae. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 38: 121-143.

Wharton, R. A., S. R. Shaw, M. J. Sharkey, D. B. Wahl, J. B. Woolley, J. B. Whitfield, P. M. Marsh and J. W. Johnson. 1992. Phylogeny of the subfamilies of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): A reassessment. Cladistics 8: 199-235.

Derr, J. N., S. K. Davis, J. B. Woolley, and R. A. Wharton. 1992. Reassessment of the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence from members of the parasitic Hymenoptera.  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution  1: 338-341.

Derr, J. N., S. K. Davis, J. B. Woolley, and R. A. Wharton.  1992.  Variation and the phylogenetic utility of the large ribosomal subunit of mitochondrial DNA from the insect order Hymenoptera.  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2: 136-147.

Austin, A. D. and R. A. Wharton. 1992. New records of subfamilies, tribes and genera of Braconidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from Australia, with description of seven new species. Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Aust. 116(2): 41-63.

Cameron, S. A., J. N. Derr, A. D. Austin, J. B. Woolley, and R. A. Wharton.  1992.  The application of nucleotide sequence data to phylogeny of the Hymenoptera: a review.  J. Hym. Res.  1: 63-79.

Wharton, R. A. and A. D. Austin. 1991. Revision of Australian Dacnusini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), parasitoids of cyclorrhaphous Diptera.  J. Aust. Ent. Soc. 30: 193-206.

Wharton, R. A. and W. R. M. Mason. 1991. Vipio Latreille, 1804 (Insecta, Hymenoptera): Proposed designation of Agathis longicauda Boheman, 1853 as the type species. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 48: 45-49.  Resulting in Opinion 1758 of the Commission on Zoological Nomenclature:  Vipio Latreille, 1804 (Insecta, Hymenoptera):  Agathis longicauda Boheman, 1853 designated as the type species.

Wharton, R. A. 1991. Lectotype designation for Agathis longicauda Boheman, 1853.  Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 48: 332.

Schuster, D. J., J. P. Gilreath, R. A. Wharton, and P. R. Seymour. 1991. Agromyzidae (Diptera) leafminers and their parasitoids in weeds associated with tomato in Florida. Environ. Entomol. 20(2): 720-723.

Wharton, R. A., A. D. Austin and J. A. Thomson. 1990. Two new species of Opius  Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on Drosophilidae (Diptera) in Australia. J. Aust. Ent. Soc. 29: 11-18.

Wharton, R. A., J. W. Smith, Jr., D. L. J. Quicke and H. W. Browning. 1989. Two new species of Digonogastra Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on Neotropical pyralid borers (Lepidoptera) in maize, sorghum and sugarcane.  Bull. Ent. Res. 79: 401-410.

Wharton, R. A. 1989. Final instar larva of the embolemid wasp Ampulicomorpha confusa (Hymenoptera). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 91: 509-512.

Quicke, D. L. J. and R. A. Wharton. 1989. Myosoma nyanzaensis sp. n.  (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on the stem-borer pest Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Kenya. Bull. Ent. Res. 79: 1-5.

Carroll, L. E. and R. A. Wharton. 1989. The immature stages of the Mexican Fruit Fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 82: 201-214.

Williams, H., M. A. Wong, R. A. Wharton, and S. B. Vinson. 1988. Hagen's gland morphology and chemical content analysis for three species of parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). J. Chem. Ecol. 14: 1727-1736.

Quicke, D. L. J. and R. A. Wharton. 1988. On the identification of Doryctes erythromelas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Entomol. News 99: 189-192.

Steck, G. J. and R. A. Wharton. 1988. Description of immature stages of Anastrepha interrupta, A. limae, and A. grandis (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.  81: 994-1003.

Wharton, R. A. and D. L. J. Quicke. 1988. A new species of Bracon (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) parasitic on Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 90: 288-293.

Wharton, R. A. 1988. The braconid genus Alysia (Hymenoptera): A revision of the subgenus Anarcha. Contrib. Am. Entomol. Institute 25(2): 1-69.

Wharton, R. A. 1988. Classification of the braconid subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera).  Can. Entomol. 120: 333-360.

Marsh, P. M., S. R. Shaw and R. A. Wharton. 1987. An identification manual for the North American genera of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Mem. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 13: 1-98.

Wharton, R. A. 1987. Biology of the diurnal Metasolpuga picta Kraepelin (Solifugae: Solpugidae) compared to that of nocturnal species. J. Arachnol. 14: 363-383.

Wharton, R. A. 1987. Changes in nomenclature and classification of some opiine Braconidae. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 89: 61-73.

Wharton, R. A. 1987. Opius Wesmael, 1835 (Insecta, Hymenoptera): proposed designation of Opius pallipes Wesmael, 1835 as type species. Z. N. (S.) 2561.  Bull. Zool. Nomenclature. 43: 369-371.

Wharton, R. A. 1986. The Braconid genus Alysia (Hymenoptera): a description of the subgenera and a revision of the subgenus Alysia. Syst. Entomol. 11: 453-504.

Steck, G. J. and R. A. Wharton. 1986. Descriptions of immature stages of Eutreta species (Diptera: Tephritidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 59: 296-302.

Steck, G. J., F. E. Gilstrap, R. A. Wharton and W. G. Hart. 1986. Braconid parasitoids of Tephritidae (Diptera) infesting coffee and other fruits in West Central Africa.  Entomophaga. 31: 59-67.

Wharton, R. A. and L. Y. Chou. 1985. Revision of the Taiwanese species of Alloea  Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae). J. Agr. Res. China 34: 352-367.

Friedlander, T. J., R. A. Wharton, and G. J. Steck. 1985. New records of Agromyzidae and their braconid parasitoids from Texas. S. W. Entomol. 10: 257-263.

Wharton, R. A. 1985. A new species of Mallochia (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) introduced to Texas to control Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in sugarcane. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 61: 160-162.

Sharkey, M. and R. A. Wharton. 1985. Redefinition of Megagathis Kriechbaumer, and reassignment of New World species to Zacremnops new genus (Agathidinae, Braconidae, Hymenoptera). Can. Entomol. 117: 599-603.

Wharton, R. A. 1985. Characterization of the genus Aspilota (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Syst. Entomol. 10: 227-237.

Wharton, R. A. 1984. The status of certain Braconidae (Hymenoptera) cultured for biological control programs, and description of a new species of Macrocentrus.  Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 86: 902-912.

Wharton, R. A. (1982) 1984. The biology of Apiocera haruspex (Osten Sacken) in central California, and comparison with other Asiloidea. Pan-Pac. Entomol.  58(4): 296-301.

Wharton, R. A. and L.-y. Chou. 1983. The genus Heratemis Walker with a review of the Taiwanese species. J. Taiwan Mus. 36: 7-13.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. Diel periodicity, dispersal, and longevity in Stips stali (Haag) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Eurychorini). Coleopt. Bull. 37: 27-33.

Wharton, R. A. and F. E. Gilstrap. 1983. Key to and status of opiine braconid  (Hymenoptera) parasitoids used in biological control of Ceratitis and Dacus s. l. (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 76: 721-742.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. The status of Aphelinus varipes (Foerster) and Aphelinus nigritus Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 85: 624-626.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. Senwot, a new genus of Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Africa. Contrib. Amer. Entomol. Inst. 20: 277-280.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. New species of Illidops and Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of potential use in biological control. Can. Entomol. 115: 667-672.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. Variation in Opius hirtus Fischer and discussion of Desmiostoma Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.  85: 327-330.

Wharton, R. A. 1982. Catalog of entomological types in the Bishop Museum. Hymenoptera: Braconidae. Pac. Insects 24: 292-303.

Wharton, R. A. and M. K. Seeley. 1982. Species composition of and biological notes on Tenebrionidae of the lower Kuiseb River and adjacent gravel plain.  Madoqua 13: 5-25.

Wharton, R. A. 1982. Observations on behavior, phenology and habitat preferences of mydas flies in the central Namib Desert (Diptera: Mydidae). Ann. Transvaal Mus. 33: 145-151.

Wharton, R. A. 1981. Namibian Solifugae (Arachnida). Cimbebasia Memoir No. 5: 1-87.

Wharton, R. A., F. E. Gilstrap, R. H. Rhode, M. Fischer-M., and W. C. Hart. 1981.  Hymenopterous egg-pupal and larval-pupal parasitoids of Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha species in Costa Rica. Entomophaga 26: 285-290.

Wharton, R. A. 1981. Diving by the veliid Trochopus plumbeus (Uhler) (Hemiptera).  Fla. Entomol. 64(1): 194.

Wharton, R. A. 1980. Insects and arachnids associated with Zygophyllum simplex  (Zygophyllaceae) in the central Namib Desert. Madoqua 12(3): 131-139.

Wharton, R. A. 1980. Colouration and diurnal activity patterns in some Namib Desert Zophosini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J. Arid Environ. 3: 309-317.

Wharton, R. A., J. W. Tilson, R. L. Tilson. 1980. Asynchrony in a wild population of Ficus sycomorus L. S. Afr. J. Sci. 76: 478-480.

Wharton, R. A. 1980. Review of New World Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with discussion of generic relationships within the Tribe. Univ. Calif. Publ. Entomol.  88: 1-104.

Wharton, R. A. 1979. The larval habits of Pedilus inconspicuus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Pedilidae). Coleopt. Bull. 33: 27-31.

Wharton, R. A. 1979. Some predators and parasitoids of dung-breeding Diptera from Central California. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 55: 181 -186.

Wharton, R. A. and R. Moon. 1979. Puparia of cyclorrhaphous Diptera bred from bovine dung in open pastures of the Transition Zone of Western North America. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 72 80-89.

Wharton, R. A. and P. M. Marsh. 1978. New World Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on Tephritidae (Diptera). J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 68:147-167.

Wharton, R. A. 1978. Exodontiellini, a new tribe of Opiinae with exodont mandibles (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pan-Pac. Entomol. 53: 297-303.

Wharton, R. A. 1977. New World Aphaereta species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with a discussion of terminology used in the Tribe Alysiini. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 70: 782-803.

Wharton, R. A. 1976. Variation in the New England pyramidellid opisthobranch Turbonilla nivea (Stimpson). Nautilus 90: 11-13.

Wharton, R. A. and S. Y. Feng. 1974. Mineralogical differences in populations of Thais lapillus. Experientia 30: 1252-1253.

Bertsch, H., T. Gosliner, R. Wharton, and G. Williams. 1972. Natural history and occurrence of opisthobranch gastropods from the open coast of San Mateo County, California. Veliger 14: 302-314.


Symposium Proceedings

Wharton, R. A. 1987. Biological control of fruit-infesting Tephritidae, pp. 323-332.  Proc. CEC/IOBC Internatl. Symp., Fruit Flies of Economic Importance. Rome, Italy 1987.

Wharton, R. A. 1984. Taxonomic Questions Regarding Leafminer Parasitoids, 5 pp. Proc. 4th Ann. Leafminer Conf. S. L. Poe., Ed.

Wharton, R. A. 1983. Taxonomy, Entomological Needs, 2 pp. In: Proc. Interdisciplinary Biological Control Conf. Battenfield, S. L., Ed.


Technical Bulletins or Articles

Wiedenmann, R. and R. A. Wharton.  2002.  Invasive Species White Paper for Entomological Society of America.

Wharton, R. A., E. G. Riley, M. A. Quinn, J. B. Woolley, J. S. Schaffner, and H. R. Burke. 1996. Invertebrate species available as food for the golden-cheeked warbler in its nesting habitat. Texas Transportation Institute Res. Rpt. 1983-3F. 86pp.

Wharton, R. A., J. B. Woolley, and M. Rose. 1990. Relationship and importance of taxonomy to classical biological control. Southern Cooperative Series Bull. 355: 11 -15.

Gilstrap, F. E., L. K. McKinnon, D. Gonzalez, J. B. Woolley, and R. A. Wharton. 1989. 1988 importations and shipments of parasites for biological control of Russian wheat aphid. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin PR-4674, August 1989, 12 pp.

Wharton, R. A. 1989. Ichneumonoid wing venation. Ichnews 12: 2-5.

Wharton, R. A. 1989. Sorting centers and regional specializations. Insect Collection News 2(1): 6.

Wharton, R. A. 1985. Comments on the proposed conservation of Dapsilarthra  Foerster, 1862. Z. N. (S.) 2312. Bull. Zool. Nom. 42: 102.

Wharton, R. A. 1984. Biology of the Alysiini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), parasitoids of cyclorrhaphous Diptera. TAES. Tech. Monog. 11: 1 -39.

Invited Book Chapter

Wharton, R. A. 1989. Chapter 9.1 Classical biological control of fruit-infesting Tephritidae. In: Robinson and Hooper, Editors. World Crop Pests, Vol. 3B, Fruitflies, Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. pp. 303-313.

Wharton, R. A. and I. Mercado. 2000.  35. Braconidae (Hymenoptera). In: Llorente Bousquets, González Soriano and Papavero, Editors.  Biodiversidad, taxonomia y biogeografía de artrópodos de México: Hacia una sintesis de su conocimiento 

SELECTED PRESENTATIONS

2002    Co-author of one oral presentation on origin of Medfly and 3 poster presentations on parasitoids of medfly, Natal fly, olive fly, and mango flies. 6th International Symposium on Fruit Flies of Economic Importance, Stellenbosch, South Africa.

2001:    Dealing with wood (evolution of the Apocrita).  Annual meeting, Entomological Society of America.

2000:     Tephritid biological control. African fruit fly inititative conference, Nairobi, Kenya.  Invited Presentation.

1999:    1)Can braconid classification be altered to facilitate portrayal of relationships?  Fourth International Conference, International Society of Hymenopterists.
    2) Medfly biological control.  Classification of the Braconidae University of Illinois.  2 Invited Presentations.

1998:    1) Diversity of fruit-infesting Tephritidae and their parasitoids in Tropical East Africa.  ICIPE Donor Group Meeting.  Invited Presentation.
    2) Present status of Ichneumonoid Classification.  Uppsala, Sweden.  Invited Presentation.

1997:    Parasitoids of Fruit-Infesting Tephritidae.  ICIPE, Kenya, Invited Seminar.

1996:    1) Workshop on identification of Braconidae. Maracay, Venezuela (co-taught with M. Sharkey).
    2) Biology and classification of opiinae Braconidae. Southwestern Louisiana State University, Lafayette. Invited Presentation.
    3) Systematics in Biological Control.  International Organization of Biological Control, Nearctic Region national meeting.  Invited Presentation.

1995:    Workshop on identification of Braconidae. Cd. Victoria, Mexico (co-taught with D. Quicke).

1994:    Current Status of Texas/Mexico Collaboration on Biosystematics of Parasitic     Hymenoptera. Entomological Society of America Branch Meeting. Monterrey, Mexico.     Invited Symposium Presentation.

1993:    Biodiversity of Braconidae and Encyrtidae in Big Bend National Park.  Chihuahuan     Desert     Symposium, El Paso, Texas.  Invited Presentation.

1992:    Biological Control of Tephritidae. Queensland Entomological Society. Invited     Presentation.

1990:    Waite Agricultural Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia. Biological Control at Texas     A&M University. Invited Presentation.

1989:    2nd Annual Horticultural Integrated Pest Management Conference, San Antonio, Texas. Invited Presentation.

1988:    1) International Congress of Entomology, Vancouver, Canada. Symposium on Biology of     Parasitoids from an Evolutionary Perspective. Invited Presentation on opiine and alysiine     biology.